What should I do if my dog suffers from "thrombocytopenia"?
Canal thrombocytopenia is a disease caused by thrombocytopenia. Clinically, it is mainly characterized by the occurrence of extensive diffuse hemorrhage spots and blood congestion on the skin and mucous membranes of dogs.
1. Causes of thrombocytopenia:
1. It is related to autoimmune diseases in some dogs (such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.).
2. Certain cytotoxic chemicals (such as nitrogen mustard, butyl dimethanesulfonate, thiopurine and cyclophosphamide, etc.) can destroy megakaryocytes that produce platelets.
3. Certain diseases (such as leukemia, aplastic anemia, etc.), thrombocytopenia is reduced due to infiltration of tumor cells in the bone marrow or the loss of normal bone marrow components.
4. In addition, thrombocytopenia may also occur in splenomegaly caused by granuloma, tumor, infarction, and extensive spleen enlargement of unknown causes.
5. Caused by some autosomal dominant hereditary diseases (such as von Weilebrand's disease).
2. Symptoms of thrombocytopenia:
1. Sudden scars, blood spots and congestion spots appear on the skin and mucous membranes of the dog, which may be accompanied by nosebleeds, black feces, hematuria, and blood clotting in the bleeding site, and bruises and hematomas. In severely anemia, the mucous membranes are pale, weak, and even swollen.
2. Platelet count test, the number of platelets is less than 20×109/L, which can indirectly indicate thrombocytopenia.
III. Treatment of thrombocytopenia:
1. If a dog has iatrogenic purpura due to long-term use of a certain drug, the use of suspicious drugs should be stopped first, and the use of oral dexamethasone (0.25-0.5 mg/kgbw·day) or prednisolone (2-4 mg/kgbw·day). At the same time, corticosteroids can be used, which can relieve symptoms for most immune thrombocytopenia, but may recur. If steroids are ineffective, anti-metabolic drugs such as vincristine and cyclophosphothylamide may be effective.
2. Blood transfusion is a good treatment.
4. Precautions:
1. Disable drugs with platelet-reducing functions, such as aspirin, portesone, etc.
2. For dogs suspected of having hereditary thrombocytopenia, monitoring should be strengthened when selecting breeds to prevent the occurrence of sick offspring.
